A school garden club compared two ways of protecting young plants from cold nights. One group covered the plants before sunset, while another waited until the temperature had already fallen. The plants covered earlier suffered less damage. A long sentence in the report explained the result: “The covers placed over the seedlings before the ground released its stored warmth reduced the rapid loss of heat that damaged the uncovered leaves.” Some readers treated “the ground” as the subject of “reduced,” because it appeared closer to the verb. The actual subject was “The covers,” and the phrase between them described when and where the covers were placed. After identifying the subject and main verb, readers could attach the details without losing the central claim. A later sentence used different vocabulary but the same frame. Students who had memorized the first sentence could not always read the second, while those who rebuilt the frame usually could.